Ryan Hisner @LongDesertTrain
Teacher "Be ruthless with systems and be kind to people." Michael Brooks, 1983-2020 Joined May 2018-
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Great thread by @MichaelWorobey, an essential follow if you're interested in the H5N1 situation.
Great thread by @MichaelWorobey, an essential follow if you're interested in the H5N1 situation.
This isn't good, folks. I'm not worried about H5N1 transmission to humans (yet) but the @USDA pathetic lack of transparency, how long it took for the genomes to be released, lack of testing asymptomatic cattle...... All detracts from "confidence"
OK, I think we're close to decisive evidence that US bovine H5N1 had a single origin from birds, and that when related viruses from birds *have* been found, they are jumps from cattle back into birds. Grackles, blackbirds, chickens all show mammalian adaptation like PB2 M631L.
USDA/CDC still heedless of what The Great Influenza author John Barry calls the *fundamental lesson* of the 1918 pandemic: "Those in authority must retain the public’s trust. The way to do that is to distort nothing, to put the best face on nothing, to try to manipulate no one."
USDA/CDC still heedless of what The Great Influenza author John Barry calls the *fundamental lesson* of the 1918 pandemic: "Those in authority must retain the public’s trust. The way to do that is to distort nothing, to put the best face on nothing, to try to manipulate no one."
Could it be any more obvious that the USDA is totally captured by industry?
Could it be any more obvious that the USDA is totally captured by industry?
Been following this for a while. It's the most remarkable, well-documented case of a long-term chronic infection on the record (excepting some of @SolidEvidence's Cryptics), & we know about it thanks to @Flahless1's dedicated efforts & the patient's selfless cooperation.
Been following this for a while. It's the most remarkable, well-documented case of a long-term chronic infection on the record (excepting some of @SolidEvidence's Cryptics), & we know about it thanks to @Flahless1's dedicated efforts & the patient's selfless cooperation.
This intense thread from Ryan links mutation patterns during chronic SC2 infections to optimization of the complex inner workings of the micro-factories that coronaviruses use to both replicate their genomes and produce transcripts for gene expression. I learned so much from it.
This intense thread from Ryan links mutation patterns during chronic SC2 infections to optimization of the complex inner workings of the micro-factories that coronaviruses use to both replicate their genomes and produce transcripts for gene expression. I learned so much from it.
This patient was treated w/molnupiravir in the 1st 5 days of infection. All 3 branches share a MOV mutational signature. Incredibly, there are *zero* shared private mutations btwn the four sequences. MOV likely created an enormous amount of genetic diversity, which...
AJ Leonardi, MBBS, Ph.. @fitterhappierAJ
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8K Followers 4K Following viruses, host-path interactions (type III IFNs!) evolution to fight diseases | Virology lecturer (~Asst. Prof.) @QUBBioscience / @QUBIGFS | @BamfordAVILab |Mehnaz Qureshi @qureshimeh
1K Followers 4K Following Human first every else comes later | Mum | PhDing | Vet | Virologist🦠 | Influenza 🔬 | B cells | Nanobodies | Antibody🧬 | Curious 🧐 | Views are my own |Something people w/ no background in protests don't realize is that there are a ton of pretty shady sectarian groups allegedly on the left - Trotskyists, weirdo commies, etc. - who regularly attempt to hijack actions around Israel and Palestine.
Some of these organizations - eg ANSWER - were probably government fronts back in the day even if they've morphed into a life wholly parasitic on actual grassroots left actions like what is happening at universities right now.
The FLiRT variant KP.2 begins its takeover for Covid cases in the US, now accounting for 1 in 4 cases covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tra…
@EricTopol Very eagerly awaiting the day when (I hope) we have better vaccines so we can get off this terrible rollercoaster (or, in the meantime, so much would be solved by more frequent vaccine updates and wide access to them twice vs once a year!)
@DougHenwood @profgalloway I believe that human creativity is a fundamentally collaborative activity but on the other hand he lives in a house worth like $20 million
This reminds me that I sent @profgalloway a column I'd written about Elon Musk because I thought he'd enjoy it. He liked it so much he stole one of my jokes and used it as his own on CNN and his podcast. x.com/juliannafriema…
NYU Professor Scott Galloway blamed China for anti-Israel protests on college campuses on “Morning Joe.” “If you look at TikTok, there are 52 videos that are pro-Hamas or pro-Palestinian for every one served on Israel.”
This excellent thread highlights the importance of genomic surveillance and rapid reporting with proper metadata. Now we have a source puzzle at hand! H/T @MichaelWorobey
We need to talk about that human case of H5N1 in Texas... Here is a bootstrapped (NJ) tree showing how the closest realtive of H5N1 sampled in cattle is a virus the infected an male individual who reportedly worked on a farm with cattle (dairy, I believe).
Important update on metadata of H5N1 in cattle (and back to birds): Thanks to the extraordinary detective skills of @flodebarre, we are pleased to be able to share this table containing locations and dates for several H5N1 cases in cattle and birds: github.com/andersen-lab/a…
One last thing - this suggests, but does not prove, that the common ancestor of both the main, and putative minor, bovine H5N1 lineages existed in Texas.
It would be good if samples, perhaps environmental samples, could be collected from that farm to directly test these hypotheses.
If correct, this drives the cattle H5N1 lineage even further back than we had thought, though we may not see the date of the bird to cattle cross-species transmission event change much.
And I suspect the ones on the branch that led to the human case in Texas just can't compete with the "main" cattle H5N1 lineage. The main bovine lineage may be, to innumerable humans, what the minor lineage is to the few chimps who have managed to survive to present.
The interesting thing is that we can, and are, dissecting the mutations represented by the asterisks on the H5N1 tree. We konw what they are, several are indeed likely to provide adaptive benefits to the viruses in mammals.
Cats, chickens, blackbirds and grackles on farms with sick cattle are all getting infected by spillback. This human is no different, likely. I suspect that we will find, as the number of sequenced cattle viruses grows, ones on the same branch of the tree that led to this human.
I believe the combined evidence (especially that this person likely became infected from cattle) points strongly in favour of the hypothesis that the human virus and the current sample of cattle virus are descendents of a single jump of H5N1 from birds into cattle.
Each lineage accumulated distinct genomic mutations over the last 5 million years. The mutations in humans led to adaptions (like huge and powerful brains) that gave humans a big advantage over chimps. There are now billions of humans, and only a few hundred thousand chimps.
The predessor population eventually split into two separate lineages: one that led to chimps, the other to humans.
was not sampled until March. So it can't be a predessor. Let's use humans and chimps to illustrate. Both chimps and humans exist in the present. Their predessor existed some 5 million years ago, and was neither a chimp nor a human.