Darren Martin @DarrenM98230782
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This intense thread from Ryan links mutation patterns during chronic SC2 infections to optimization of the complex inner workings of the micro-factories that coronaviruses use to both replicate their genomes and produce transcripts for gene expression. I learned so much from it.
This intense thread from Ryan links mutation patterns during chronic SC2 infections to optimization of the complex inner workings of the micro-factories that coronaviruses use to both replicate their genomes and produce transcripts for gene expression. I learned so much from it.
This is a really nice overview of SARS-CoV-2 evolution to-date. My only minor niggles are : 1) some animals might also have chronic infections; 2) important geographical contexts of VOC emergences glossed over; and 3) IMHO treatment played no role in VOC emergences(except alpha).
This is a really nice overview of SARS-CoV-2 evolution to-date. My only minor niggles are : 1) some animals might also have chronic infections; 2) important geographical contexts of VOC emergences glossed over; and 3) IMHO treatment played no role in VOC emergences(except alpha).
Here Ryan unpacks some of the really interesting features of the new BA.2.87 lineage
Yaaaayyyy plants. Although I wonder how much more impressive that plant stack must've been 5K years ago (before we destroyed >50% of the world's forests)
Yaaaayyyy plants. Although I wonder how much more impressive that plant stack must've been 5K years ago (before we destroyed >50% of the world's forests)
You can now run @hyphy_software entirely in your browser thanks to @emscripten, @observablehq and biowasm (@RobAboukhalil). Simple example in observablehq.com/@spond/hyphy-b…
Although antibody escape mutations get the most attention, for me the most interesting plotlines in the unfolding SARS-Cov-2 evolution story are those involving daring (and sometimes crazy) adaptive innovations. Ryan beautifully explores one of these subplots here.
Although antibody escape mutations get the most attention, for me the most interesting plotlines in the unfolding SARS-Cov-2 evolution story are those involving daring (and sometimes crazy) adaptive innovations. Ryan beautifully explores one of these subplots here.
A nicely written paper exploring how describing complex objects (like cells or mobile phones) in terms of 1) how many steps are needed to make one and 2) how many of the objects exist, might be used to quantify the amount of selection needed to explain their existence.
A nicely written paper exploring how describing complex objects (like cells or mobile phones) in terms of 1) how many steps are needed to make one and 2) how many of the objects exist, might be used to quantify the amount of selection needed to explain their existence.
I think this preprint, by @StuartTurville, is potentially one of the more important recent SARS-CoV-2 papers. It promises to unwrap some of the most mystifying aspects of Omicron surrounding cell entry, TMPRSS2 use, & reduced lung invasion/pneumonia. 1/48 x.com/stuartturville…
I think this preprint, by @StuartTurville, is potentially one of the more important recent SARS-CoV-2 papers. It promises to unwrap some of the most mystifying aspects of Omicron surrounding cell entry, TMPRSS2 use, & reduced lung invasion/pneumonia. 1/48 x.com/stuartturville…
Tulio de Oliveira @Tuliodna
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48K Followers 1K Following Lab studying molecular evolution of proteins and viruses. Affiliated with @fredhutch @HHMINEWS @uwgenome. @jbloomlab@bskyMarta Giovanetti @Mittenavoig
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3K Followers 1K Following Evolutionary Virologist at the @SystemsVirology lab, University of Tokyo 🇯🇵 Molecular Evolution, Phylogenetics, Viral Genomics (he/him) 💻🔬🏳️🌈T. Ryan Gregory @TRyanGregory
83K Followers 1K Following Professor of evolutionary biology. I would like there to be less death, pestilence, war, and famine. Assume sarcasm. No one could have foreseen this. He/him.Houriiyah Tegally, Ph.. @houzhou
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4K Followers 741 Following Pathogen Genomics, Genomic Epidemiology, Data Visualisation, Phylodynamics Head of Data Science, CERI, SU 👩🏾💻🦠🧬📈 @yale 2016. @imperialcollege 2018.Aris Katzourakis @ArisKatzourakis
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Our GIFT samples have arrived at the lab! Tech officer, Nangamso Cawe and the dedicated research team are ready for action and now begin the rigorous task of preparing the vaginal swab samples. #Healthresearch #Womeninresearch #madeinAfrica #GIFT4Africa @EDCTP @MRCza @tiaorgza
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@EvolvedBiofilm Thanks for sharing! We are VERY excited about this one : )
Congratulations to Prof. Valerie Mizrahi on being elected as an American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Fellow! Read more here- idm.uct.ac.za/articles/2024-…
I lean perhaps 3:1 toward a natural origin of COVID-19, but I am often disturbed by the arrogance and condescension of those who advocate it most strongly. The behavior intimates a lack of objectivity that undermines their case, if not scientifically then at least societally.
not shared. To formalize this I would say P(picking so many majority alteratives|ZW) ~= 1 but P(picking them|LL) ~= 0.15 or lower. This gives us a Bayes Factor of about 6 or 7 in favour of a natural origin of the restriction map. END. @mbw61567742 @VBruttel @ban_epp_gofroc
indicated that that region was closest to RpYN06, which shares the genotype of SARS2. There isn't a single case in which SARS2 happens to have a genotype that isn't shared by at least one other relative, even though n most cases, nearly half of the silent alternatives are...
she could have chosen from, but she happened to pick the majority one every time. There is about a 1.5% chance of getting that lucky. The one removed site (at 10444) that doesn't use the majority alternative is the one where the independent recombination analysis by Temmam...
Those alternatives all would have been silent and all would have involved changing a single nucleotide, unless there's a bug in my code (and please check any of these sites that you can be bothered to). I have marked with a * the ones that are actual BsaI/BsmBI sites...
Note also that SARS2 only has 5 BsaI/BsmBI restriction sites. This is an unusually low number. If the restriction map were engineered it's likely our engineer would have had to remove not just one site but at least 3 or so. In each case there are about 4 alternatives...
As you can see, some of the viruses lower down have GAGACG, which is a BsmBI site. In SARS2 that site has been removed, by replacing it GCGACG. 20 other viruses also have GCGACG. But an engineer would have had no reason to choose GCGACG over GCGATG, GTGACG, GAGACG or GGGACG...
in the Temmam paper) in 18/19 places SARS2 shares the *particular* silent alternative (to a BsaI/BsmBI recognition site) that it is has with the *majority* of related viruses that also don't have the site. Perhaps best explained with an example. Here is the first one...
of those alternatives that happens to be shared with a bunch of related viruses. She would just pick the first one she thought of that happened to be silent and used one mutation. Looking at the 29 close relatives CC used (which I think are the ones...
This contrasts with adding a site where you basically only have two alternatives for each kind of site (GGTCTC or GAGACC for BsaI, CGTCTC or GAGACG for BsmBI). The greater choice available allows us a better view into what happened. An engineer has no reason to pick one...
I've done another analysis on this which is a big win for a *natural* origin of SARS2's unusual restriction map. It is on similar lines to those done by Andersen and Crits-Cristoph, but we're focussing just on the RE sites that are apparently removed in...
Is SARS2 a reverse genetics system? I don't believe Bruttel et al have shown convincingly that it is. But has Crits-Christoph (CC) shown that it isn't? Where they see "hotspots of silent mutation", he sees "hotspots of recombination", pointing to a natural origin. How much...
SARS2 and ignoring the ones that were added. The point here is that if you are an engineer trying to remove a site, you want to do it with a single silent mutation, so as to minimize chances of disrupting the function. But in many cases there are multiple ways of doing that...
How do you define creativity? When asked, medicine laureate Susumu Tonegawa had an inspiring reply. Tonegawa was awarded the 1987 medicine prize "for his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity."
Dead Kennedys - Holiday in Cambodia
There's actually a lot more that I intended to include in this thread, but I've been flogging this horse for months, & I'm pretty sure it never had a pulse to begin with. I'm trying to write something vaguely proper out of this, so I'll save the rest for that. 120/END
All genomic data ramblers run into impassable walls that defy all attempts to burrow beneath, journey around, or catapult over, and whose enchantments only the wizards of the wet lab are capable of defeating. 119/120