This is the robe and axe that belonged to Giovanni Bugatti, who served as the official executioner for the Pope from 1796 to 1864. Over the course of his career, he carried out 514 executions.
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Over the 68 years he worked as official executioner, Bugatti carried out a total of 514 executions, an average of 7 per year (in his notebook, Bugatti noted 516 names of executed but two prisoners are subtracted, one because he was shot and the other because he was hanged and quartered by the adjutant).
Giovanni Battista Bugatti (1779–1869) was the official executioner for the Papal States from 1796 to 1864. He was the longest-serving executioner in the States and was nicknamed Mastro Titta, a Roman corruption of maestro di giustizia, or master of justice.[1] At the age of 85, he was retired by Pope Pius IX with a monthly pension of 30 scudi.
Giovanni Battista Bugatti, was also known as Mastro Titta. He began his career as an executioner at the age of 17. The methods of execution during his time included beheading by axe, hanging, mallet, and later the guillotine. He was described as short, portly, and always well-dressed. Bugatti and his wife also sold painted umbrellas and souvenirs to tourists when he was not carrying out his official duties. He referred to his executions as "justices" and the condemned as "patients". Bugatti was not allowed to leave the Trastevere neighborhood of Rome unless on official business for his own protection and due to superstition. His presence crossing the bridge would signal to the residents of Rome that an execution was about to take place, attracting crowds. Bugatti retired at the age of 85 and was granted a monthly pension by Pope Pius IX. These are his blood-stained clothes, axes, and guillotines on display at the Museum of Criminology in Rome. Bugatti's former home in Rome is now a tourist attraction. After the abolition of the death penalty in Italy, a monument was erected at the site of Bugatti's last execution as a tribute to him and those who were executed.
@fasc1nate "Personal executioner for the Pope." Catholicism = Roman Pagan Empire
🚨Giovanni Battista Bugatti, The Executioner🚨 At the young age of 17, Giovanni Battista Bugatti became the Official Executioner of the Papal States. Bugatti was described as short and stout, always well dressed. Although married, he had no children. When he wasn’t carrying out his part-time duties, he and his wife were frequenters of the Santa Maria in Traspontina church and sold painted umbrellas and other souvenirs to tourists. A respectable man, he called his executions justices and those condemned as patients. As a resident of the Trastevere district of Rome, he was forbidden to leave his neighborhood unless on official business for fear of revenge sought by relatives of the executed. When he did cross the bridge to leave however, the residents of Rome knew an execution was due to take place and word quickly spread as crowds gathered to witness the popular event. From March 22nd, 1796 when he became Papal Executioner to 1810, the method of execution was beheading by axe, hanging, or even mallet. When the French instituted the guillotine, it was first used in the Papal States in 1816 until his last execution when he was retired by Pope Pius IX at the ripe age of 85. The longest serving ever executioner in the Papal States, he was nicked Mastro Titta and was given a monthly pension of 30 Italian scudi, excellent compensation for the time. His blood stained executioner’s clothes, axes, and guillotines remain on display today at the Criminology museum at the Oratory of the Banner building in Central Rome.
Giovanni Bugatti was the longest-serving executioner in the Papal States and was nicknamed Mastro Titta, a Roman corruption of maestro di giustizia, or master of justice. He became an executioner at the age of 17, in 1796, and retired at the age of 85, in 1864, with a monthly pension of 30 scudi. He used different methods of execution, such as beheading by axe, hanging, or mallet, and later the guillotine, which was introduced by the French. He referred to his executions as justices and the condemned as patients. His blood-stained clothes, axes and guillotines are on display at the Museum of Criminology at Via del Gonfalone in Rome.