Barry Marshall was convinced that the Helicobacter pylori bacteria caused stomach ulcers, but no one believed him. Since it was illegal to test his theory on humans, he drank the bacteria himself and developed ulcers within days. He treated them with antibiotics and went on to win a Nobel prize in 2005.
The most interesting photos ever taken: historydefined.net/must-see-photo…
"Two weeks ago, my 90-year-old mother, Catherine Ritchie, was preparing herself for bed at around 9pm. After brushing her teeth and hair, she turned around to find her bed completely engulfed in flames. She made an attempt to extinguish the flames herself by throwing blankets and pillows on the fire. The smoke and heat were so overwhelming that she immediately got disoriented, gave up fighting the fire, and decided to flee. She pushed the emergency call button she wears on her necklace, called 911, and attempted to get out of her now engulfed bedroom. She walked into the closet several times thinking it was the door that leads to the hallway. It wasn’t. She couldn’t find her way out. She was stuck. Smoke everywhere. Across the street, 4 boys saw the smoke and reflection of flames. Not an adult in sight. 4 kids who took immediate action to save an elderly woman who they couldn’t guarantee was home and who 3 of them had never even met. One started breaking the glass on the front door. One called 911. One went to the back door and began kicking it in. One went to the neighbors for an ax and help. Within minutes, a door was kicked in by a 14-year-old child who found my mother in the hallway outside of her bedroom and picked her up in his arms. Kids who are told about all the things they aren’t old enough to do saved the life of the most precious and beloved woman we know. Courageous young men. Young men who risked their own lives, their own safety, perhaps their good standing with their parents who might have chosen for them to do otherwise, and they carried my mother out of her burning home into the street, where firetrucks and ambulances would soon arrive. Dylan Wick – 16 years old, Nick Byrd – 14 years old, Seth Byrd – 16 years old, and Wyatt Hall – 17 years old, thank you! Thank you for your selfless acts of heroism and courage. Thank you for not allowing this to be the tragic end to our mother’s amazing life. Thank you for staying with her, hugging her, and helping her feel less alone until we could get to her. Thank you for being the kind of young men who thought about another person above yourselves. Thank you for staying safe yourselves as well. Thank you to your parents who obviously raised you in such a way that lead to you making life saving and heroic decisions on behalf of someone else. Thank you for more than we know how to thank you for! We will forever be indebted to the time you bought for us and the example you set for us. God Bless each of you for being such a blessing to us. Sincerely, Michael Ritchie, Karen Ritchie Sontag, Pat Ritchie, Jimmy Ritchie, Kelly Ritchie, John Ritchie, Tim Ritchie, Tom Ritchie, Missy Ritchie Nicholas, Ryan Ritchie, and 42 very grateful grandchildren." Credits: Original Owner
In 1922, scientists entered a ward of dying children, all in comatose diabetic ketoacidosis, and injected a new drug (insulin) into them as families were already beginning to grieve. Before they had injected the last person on the ward, the first woke up. World Diabetes Day. Thanks Sir Fred Banting.
There was once a time when being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes was a death sentence. The ancient Egyptians first described the disease more than 3,000 years ago. During the many centuries that followed, parents would helplessly watch as their diabetic children slipped into comas and died. By the 18th century, doctors discovered that a heavily modified diet could slow the disease. Many children were placed on starvation diets with limited carbs, which helped prolong their lives. However, such treatments were not very effective, and some children even starved to death. Fast forward to 1922, when a group of scientists went to the Toronto General Hospital, where diabetic children were kept in wards, often 50 or more at a time. Most of them were comatose and dying from diabetes. These children were in their deathbeds. The scientists moved swiftly and proceeded to inject each of them with a new purified extract of insulin that they were able to successfully isolate. As they began to inject the last comatose child, the first one that was injected began to wake up. Soon, all the children in the room began to wake up—one by one! The scientists responsible for saving the children's lives were Frederick Banting and Charles Best. They both agreed that it would be unethical to profit from a discovery that could potentially save millions of lives. They sold the insulin patent to the University of Toronto for $1. "Insulin belongs to the world, not me," said Banting.
Helicobacter pylori is thought to have evolved in order to penetrate the mucous lining of the stomach, helped by its flagella, and thereby establish infection. The bacterium was first identified as the causal agent of gastric ulcers in 1983 by the Australian doctors Barry Marshall and Robin Warren.
@fasc1nate @SammaRob @pikaso_me screenshot this for me
@fasc1nate @pikaso_me screenshot this