Woman of the Day Emily Williamson born OTD 1855 in Lancaster, founder of the all-female Society for the Protection of Birds which campaigned against ‘murderous millinery' after the fashion for feathers caused the hunting to extinction of some bird species. We now know it as the RSPB, the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Emily was appalled by the slaughter of birds for their feathers - then an increasingly popular fashion accessory for ladies’ hats - and by the reduction of the bird population to such a degree that species such as grebes, egrets and beautiful birds of paradise were at real risk of being wiped out altogether. She was swimming against the tide. The plumage trade was reaching its peak. Between 1870 and 1920, bird skins, feathers and the whole bodies of hummingbirds and tiny birds of paradise were imported by the ton and the trade was worth around £20 million a year (£200 million in today’s money). Emily had already conducted a one-woman campaign to raise awareness. She tried to join the exclusively-male British Ornithologists’ Union but it held that women could not be serious ornithologists. She wrote numerous letters to them urging them to take a stand against ‘murderous millinery’, but they ignored her. By this time, the Great Crested Grebe had already been hunted to extinction and she could no longer bear the indifference and inaction. In February 1889, at the age of 34, she invited a group of women to her home in Didsbury, Manchester, for tea and fruitcake and to talk about how to put a stop to the plumage trade. Using her anger in the most effective way she could, she founded the all-women Society for the Protection of Birds. Those present at the meeting in her home were asked to sign a pledge to "Wear No Feathers". There were exceptions: birds killed for food and ostrich feathers. Harvesting ostrich tail feathers was then considered not painful. (I’m not sure ostriches would agree). The early efforts of the Society were lauded in a few sections of the press including Punch, although Punch did argue that giving up feathers was far from “a severe, self denying ordnance” for ladies. Most publications were critical however. The editor of the journal Nature Notes wrote in 1891: “To assume such a very ambitious title for ‘The Society for the Protection of Birds’ for a band of ladies who do nothing but abstain from personal iniquity in the matter of bonnets, may give occasion for the unrighteous to scoff.” Even so, Emily’s SPB had 5,000 members within six months and was soon sending out more than 15,000 letters and 50,000 leaflets annually. In 1891, the SPB joined forces with another all-woman campaigning group, the Fur, Fin and Feather Folk of Croydon. Winifred, Duchess of Portland, became president. Emily became vice president. Hannah Poland took over as secretary. By 1893, membership doubled and the SPB had partial success; fewer milliners stocked hats with feathers. The plumage trade though, along with the fashion industry and the press, were all run by men and they saw this as a niche issue. The SPB responded by inviting influential men to join as Life Associates, and many did. By 1898, the SPB had 20,000 members and 152 branches. Female local secretaries were required to call out “Murderous millinery!” on the high street, in the department stores and in church. Furious milliners, society ladies and plumage merchants denounced them as “feather faddists”. Royal support followed. Queen Victoria, who disliked cruelty towards animals, approved an order in 1899 prohibiting her military from wearing egret feather sprays. Ostrich feathers (it doesn’t hurt, remember) were used instead. Edward VII awarded a Royal Charter in 1904, making Emily’s organisation the RSPB. In 1906, Queen Alexandra wrote to the RSPB expressing her disapproval at the wearing of plumes. Emily’s thirty year campaign finally achieved success when the Plumage Act was passed in 1921. This ended the trade in exotic bird skins. Vulnerable species began to recover. Her actions were critical in saving thousands of bird species around the world from being hunted to extinction for the millinery trade. Emily died in 1936 aged 80. The British Ornithologists' Union finally accepted its first women members in 1910 and awarded a posthumous membership to her to mark the centenary of the Act she fought so hard to see passed.
@TheAttagirls Morning Lily, we share our house with House Martins. I love watching them come and go. They all perch on telephone wire in front of the window of my office and I can hear them chatting and gossiping as I work! Another formidable woman who turned a no into success
@TheAttagirls Good morning Lily! Reading your stories about these amazing women is my favorite part of waking up ( along with my coffee) ❤️
@TheAttagirls The RSPB nature reserve is not far from where we live & is worth a visit. A great memorial to Emily Williamson. Morning Lily.
@TheAttagirls Morning Lily. At this time of year the swallows return. They nest in my blind box on my window. For 3 months I cannot put down my blinds for fear of hurting them and their chicks. Through the night I hear them - it’s a comfort. They will go soon. ❤️Emily
@TheAttagirls Good morning, Lily, and thank you for a fascinating account of another inspirational woman I'd regrettably never heard of. I'm glad to say that thanks to Emily's work the great crested grebe did in fact recover. What a legacy. rspb.org.uk/birds-and-wild…